Water heater



A. A. MARKS WATER HEATER Filed Nov, 22

lll/11111111 June 24, 1930.

Patented June i24, 1930 PATENT FFIC ALEXANDER A. MARKS, F PHILADELPHIA, PElNSYLVANLA.l

WATER HEATER Application led November 22, 1922.

My invention is designed to provide means whereby fluid can be heated efficiently by waste products of combustion through intimate contact with extended surfaces exposed to the action-of the heating gases. In its preferred form, it comprises a casing with undulated exterior walls and having internal iiues alternating with the exterior fissures or sulci between the lobes or ridges formed by the wall undulations. The undulated walls and the internal fiues passing through the expanded sections of the casing form sinuous channelsfor the flow of fluid, preferably transverse to the direction of of flow of products of combustion passing through the internal flues and external fissures. Such casing is preferably combined with a plurality ofk hollow primary heating unitsY having between them passages through which products of combustion are discharged from a combustion chamber to the fines and fissures of the casing.

{VVater heaters embodying my improvements are particularly adapted for use in Ii preheating water-applied to a heating system or for heating an auxiliary supply of water, as for household use or the like.

The characteristic features of my improvements will more fully appear from the following description of a preferred embodiment thereof and the accompanying drawings in illustration of the same.

In the drawings, Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation of a boiler having applied thereto water heaters embodying my invention; Fig. 2 is a sectional side elevation of the upper portion of the same; Fig. 3 is an enlarged horizontal sectional view through the heater shown in Figs. 1 and 2; and Fig. 4 is an enlarged fragmentary side elevation of a modification illustrating the connection of casing sections.

In the drawings, there is illustrated a boiler comprising hollow water heating elements 1 connected by nipples 2 and 3, the

parts 1 being recessed to form a combustion chamber 4 and spaced to provide baffled passages 5 for the discharge of heated products of combustion from the fuel burner 6.

A heat insulating casing, comprising spaced Serial No. 602,591.

walls 7 and 8 with dead air space between them, surrounds the boiler elements and forms, above the units 1, a chamber 9 to which products of combustion are discharged after passing through the battled passages 5. A feed water conduit 10 is connected with the boiler below the burner G and a discharge conduit 11 is connected with the upper portion of the boiler.

A supply pipe 12 is connected with the conduit 10 through a heater comprising a casing having undulated vertical walls forming protuberances or lobes 13 separated by the fissures or sulci 14, the inner portions of the undulations forming the walls of channels 15 connecting the chambersl formed by the expanded sections of the casing. In the form shown, the casing has the flat parallel horizontal walls 17 through which pass iire tubes or flues 18 of elliptical cross section, such flues extending across the chambers 16 so that fluid passing therethrough is baliled by the flues and obliged to` follow the undulations of the exterior walls, providing a circuitous passage with a large expanse of surface exposed to the waste heating gases discharged intov the chamber 9- and therefrom into the chimney 19 at the top of the chamber. A

rlhe heater casing is symmetrical with respect to the center line' thereof, and is provided at one end with an off-center hollow boss 20 having a threaded inner wall whose lower section is belowl the bottom wall of the heater, and yat the opposite end with an o-center hollow boss 2'1 having a threaded inner wall whose lower section is above the bottom wall of the heater. Nipples 23 screwed into these bosses extend through the walls 7 and 8 and have connected therewith elbows 10 and 12 of the conduits 10 and 12.

A heat spreader and' inf'sulating shield 24, interposed between the tops of the elements 1 and the heater casing, prevent absorption of heat by the preheater from the more highly heated fluid in lthe elements 1 anddisperses the heated gases over the extended' surfaces of the convolutions and fiues of the heater casing.

A second heater casing 25, similar to the and a heat spreader and insulator disposed one above described but of less vertical between said elements and heater.

depth, is disposed in the chamber 9 with its Signed at Philadelphia, in the county of llues and fissures in registration with the Philadelphia, and State of Pennsylvania,

connected with the pipes 26 of a supplementary heating system, as for instancea hot water systernfor household use.

It will be understood that fluid supplied b the pipe 12 passes through the circuitous c annels formedv by the convoluted walls and flues of the preheater, being thereby brought into intimate contact with heating surfaces exposed to the action of the products of combustion passing from the burner 6 and combustion chamber 4, through the baled passages 5 to the chamber 9, through the flues 16 and fissures 14 of the preheater, through the flues andl fissures of the su ple'rnentary heater 25 to the chimney 19. heliud heatedin the preheater yis discharged into the-conduit 10 and elements 1 beneath the burner '6. As the fluid rises in the elements 1, it isexposed to the primary action 'of the heating gases and is discharged through the conduit'll toradiators,

Y whence it returns throu h the conduit 12.

Fig. 4.

Having described my invention, I claim:

1.A boiler comprising a plurality of hol- 'low elements recessed to form a combustion chamber and having passages between them to which products of combustion are discharged frorn saidf chamber, -and a heater disposed above said passages and comprising a casing forming chambers with a plurality of substantially straight vertical flues passing therethrough and a pluralityof ex ternal vertically extending fissures between the Walls of said chambers.

2. A boiler comprising a plurality of holA low elements recessed to form a combustion chamber and having between them vertically extending passages to which products of combustion are discharged from said chaillber, a heater disposed above said passages and comprising a casing having undulated exterior walls forming chambers, bafiles disposed in said chambers and passages for productsof combustion substantially parallel with the passages first named to provide a circuitous passage through said casing,

`flues and fissures of `the preheater, and is this 18th day of' November, 1922.

ALEXANDER A. MARKS. 

